Water belly (ascites) is an accumulation of too much fluid in the abdomen. This causes the abdomen to become swollen and stretched. Cancer is responsible for 10% of all cases of ascites. In addition to pancreatic cancer, this is also seen in people with other forms of cancer.
Possible causes of ascites
- When cancer spreads to the peritoneum (the lining of the abdomen), it can cause irritation there. To deal with this inflammatory response, the peritoneum produces extra fluid, which becomes trapped in the abdomen. More fluid causes the abdomen to swell.
- In the case of metastases to the liver or the portal vein that goes to the liver, the blood pressure can rise within the liver. As a result, the liver again has an influence on the circulation, causing fluid to accumulate in the abdomen.
- When the liver is damaged, it produces less protein for the blood. This causes the balance in the blood to be lost and fluid can accumulate in the various tissues, including the abdomen.
- When the lymphatic system is blocked, excess fluid can no longer be drained efficiently. This causes fluid to accumulate in the abdomen.
Symptoms
- Increase in abdominal circumference.
- Difficulty breathing and shortness of breath.
- Decreased appetite and a feeling of fullness.
- Pressure on the abdomen and possibly pain.
- Weight gain.
- Fatigue.
- Constipation: blockage, see also bowel problems.
- Nausea.
- Swollen ankles.